Effectiveness of Turkey Berry Extract Against Common Agricultural Pest

The study found that the ethyl acetate extract of Solanum torvum leaves exhibited a substantial antifeedant effect of 86.16% at a 5% concentration. Additionally, the extract demonstrated larvicidal activity with an 88.21% mortality rate, and the lethal concentration to kill 50% of the larvae (LC50) was determined to be 2.05%. Exposure to this extract resulted in significant histological damage to the larvae, particularly affecting epithelial, goblet, and digestive cells. These findings suggest that incorporating such plant extracts into integrated pest management (IPM) strategies could offer a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to pest control in agriculture.

The findings of this study align with earlier research that has explored various methods of pest control. For instance, previous studies have shown that certain essential oils can act as effective fumigants against pests like Sitophilus oryzae, another significant agricultural pest. Peppermint oil, in particular, was found to induce high mortality rates in S. oryzae, making it a potent fumigant^[2]. The current study extends this concept by demonstrating the effectiveness of plant extracts, specifically Solanum torvum, against S. litura.

Furthermore, the study builds on earlier research that examined the molecular mechanisms behind insecticide resistance in S. litura. A previous study identified numerous genes and miRNAs associated with indoxacarb resistance in this pest^[3]. Understanding these resistance mechanisms is crucial for developing alternative pest control strategies. The current study’s focus on plant extracts offers a promising alternative, potentially circumventing the resistance issues associated with conventional pesticides.

The histological damage observed in the larvae exposed to the ethyl acetate extract of Solanum torvum is particularly noteworthy. This damage was evident in the epithelial, goblet, and digestive cells of the larvae, indicating that the extract not only deters feeding but also affects the internal structures of the pest. This dual action—antifeedant and larvicidal—makes the extract a highly effective pest control agent.

The study’s findings are significant for several reasons. Firstly, they offer a sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides, which are known to have adverse environmental effects. Secondly, the use of plant extracts like Solanum torvum could help mitigate the issue of pesticide resistance, which is a growing concern in agricultural pest management. Lastly, the study provides a foundation for further research into the use of plant-based extracts in IPM strategies.

In conclusion, the research conducted by Annai Vailankanni Arts and Science College highlights the potential of Solanum torvum leaf extracts as an effective pest control method against Spodoptera litura. By demonstrating significant antifeedant and larvicidal effects, as well as histological damage to the pest, this study offers a promising alternative to conventional pesticides. This approach aligns with earlier findings on the effectiveness of plant-based pest control methods and provides a sustainable solution to the challenges posed by pesticide resistance.