When it was unveiled in 2024, Google’s Willow chip was seen as a significant step forward in the field.
Rival firms including Amazon and IBM are also developing their own tech.
The UK has a significant quantum industry. Quantinuum, which has headquarters in Cambridge and Colorado, US, reached a $10bn (£7.45bn) valuation in September.
Announcements of new developments from firms throughout 2025 have led some experts to believe powerful machines capable of having real-world impact will be developed within a decade.
Dr Michael Cuthbert, Director at the National Quantum Computing Centre (NQCC) said the partnership would “accelerate discovery”.
He said the cutting edge science it would support could ultimately lead to quantum computing being used in areas such as “life science, materials, chemistry, and fundamental physics”.
The NQCC already hosts seven quantum computers from British-based firms such as Quantum Motion, ORCA and Oxford Ionics.
The government says it is committing £670m to support the tech, which is a priority area in the UK’s Industrial Strategy.
Officials believe quantum could contribute £11 billion to the UK economy by 2045.